- SPECIALIST ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEON | MELBOURNE, VIC | ALBURY, NSW | MORNINGTON, VIC |
- 03 9421 6133
- Melbourne & Mornington VIC |
- Albury, NSW
Anatomic Shoulder Replacement
Restoring smooth, stable shoulder movement with a natural joint design
Anatomic shoulder replacement, (also known as total shoulder arthroplasty or anatomical total shoulder replacement) is a surgical procedure designed to replicate the natural structure and movement of your shoulder joint. It is typically recommended when the shoulder has become painful and stiff due to advanced osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or certain types of fractures, but the rotator cuff muscles remain healthy and functional.
Unlike reverse shoulder replacement, which alters the mechanics of the joint, an anatomic shoulder replacement preserves the native orientation of the ball-and-socket design: the humeral head (ball) is replaced with a smooth metal implant, and the glenoid (socket) is fitted with a specially shaped polyethylene component. This allows the rotator cuff to continue controlling movement and stabilising the shoulder.
The following sections provide a detailed overview of the anatomic shoulder replacement journey with Dr Jason Hockings, including key symptoms, surgical details, recovery process, and how your care is personalised at each stage.
Common signs and symptoms that may point to shoulder arthritis or joint damage
You may benefit from anatomic shoulder replacement surgery if you experience:
- Persistent shoulder pain that affects your daily life
- Limited range of motion or stiffness when reaching overhead or behind your back
- Night pain that disrupts sleep
- Grinding, catching, or creaking sensations in the joint
- Reduced function despite non-surgical treatment such as physiotherapy or injections
These symptoms are often associated with conditions such as primary osteoarthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or damage from earlier injuries.
Are you a candidate for anatomic shoulder replacement surgery?
Dr Jason Hockings will assess whether anatomic shoulder replacement is suitable for you based on:
- Imaging (e.g. X-ray, CT or MRI) showing joint surface damage
- A healthy and functioning rotator cuff
- Stable bone quality and shoulder alignment
- Failure to improve with non-operative treatments
Patients who are typically good candidates are those with arthritis and intact rotator cuff tendons who are looking to regain pain-free range of motion and return to normal function.
When anatomic shoulder replacement may not be the right option
This type of shoulder replacement may not be suitable if:
- Your rotator cuff is torn or irreparable
- You have rotator cuff arthropathy (arthritis with a dysfunctional rotator cuff)
- There is significant bone loss in the glenoid (socket)
- You have already had a failed shoulder replacement or complex prior surgeries
In these situations, reverse shoulder replacement may offer a better outcome.
The surgical approach Dr Hockings uses for anatomic shoulder replacement
Dr Hockings performs anatomical shoulder replacement using a deltopectoral approach, which provides access to the shoulder joint while preserving the deltoid muscle. This approach:
- Offers excellent exposure of the joint
- Allows for safe handling of soft tissue structures
- Facilitates precise implant positioning
The procedure is performed under general anaesthetic and typically takes 1.5 to 2 hours. It may be done as an overnight stay or short hospital admission depending on your health status.
How personalised imaging and surgical planning guides your anatomic shoulder replacement
Dr Hockings uses advanced pre-operative imaging, including CT-based planning software, to tailor your procedure. This helps:
- Accurately assess joint damage and bone anatomy
- Plan optimal implant positioning and sizing
- Reduce intraoperative uncertainty
- Improve outcomes by personalising the procedure to your anatomy
This level of planning supports more predictable recovery and long-term shoulder function.
The prosthetic implants used in anatomic shoulder replacement
The implants used in anatomical shoulder replacement include:
- A metal ball component that replaces the humeral head
- A high-grade polyethylene socket that fits into the glenoid cavity
- A stem inserted into the upper arm bone for fixation and support
Dr Hockings selects implant systems that offer:
- Anatomical options for size, shape, and inclination
- Secure fixation and long-term durability
- Compatibility with future revision if ever needed
What are the potential risks of shoulder replacement surgery?
As with any major joint surgery, risks may include:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Implant loosening or wear over time
- Nerve or blood vessel injury (rare)
- Stiffness or limited motion post-operatively
Dr Hockings will discuss these risks with you during the consent process and take steps to minimise complications through careful planning and post-operative care.
What to expect before, during, and after anatomic shoulder replacement surgery
Before surgery:
- Your GP will refer you for specialist assessment
- You will meet with Dr Hockings for a consultation, examination, and review of imaging
- CT scans may be arranged for surgical planning
- You may meet with a physiotherapist to begin prehabilitation exercises
- A nurse-led pre-admission clinic will help prepare you for hospital
During surgery:
- The procedure is done under general anaesthetic
- The damaged joint surfaces are replaced with prosthetic components
- Antibiotics and anaesthesia techniques are used to reduce infection and manage pain
After surgery:
- You’ll begin rehabilitation early with gentle passive movements
- A sling is worn initially to support healing
- Hospital stay is usually 1–2 nights, depending on your recovery progress
Pain management after shoulder replacement: what you can expect
Dr Hockings uses a multimodal pain management strategy including:
- Regional nerve blocks (such as an interscalene block)
- Oral medications
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Cold therapy
These methods help you stay comfortable and able to begin early rehabilitation.
Your recovery timeline after anatomic shoulder replacement surgery
- Weeks 0–6: Sling support, passive range of motion exercises guided by physiotherapy
- Weeks 6–12: Active range of motion exercises begin
- 3–6 months: Progressive strengthening and return to daily activities
- 6+ months: Return to work, recreational activity, and driving as strength improves
Your individual progress will depend on factors such as the underlying condition, surgical findings, and your adherence to physiotherapy.
Returning to work, sport, and daily life after anatomic shoulder replacement arthroplasty
Most patients return to:
- Independent daily activities within 6 weeks
- Driving by 6–8 weeks, once shoulder mobility is safe
- Desk work or light duties in 4–6 weeks
- Recreational activities such as walking, swimming, or golf after 3–6 months
Heavy lifting or overhead sports may require longer recovery or may be discouraged depending on your situation.
Frequently asked questions about anatomic shoulder replacement
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How long does the implant last?
Modern shoulder implants are designed to last 10–20 years or longer with appropriate care. -
Will I regain full shoulder movement?
Most patients regain significant movement and strength, although the final range depends on your condition before surgery. -
Is physiotherapy essential after surgery?
Yes, a structured rehabilitation program is critical to your recovery. Dr Hockings works closely with trusted physiotherapists to support your progress. -
What if I need a revision in the future?
The implants Dr Hockings uses are designed to accommodate future revision if ever needed.
If you’re experiencing ongoing pain, stiffness, or reduced movement that is affecting your daily activities or quality of life, a thorough orthopaedic assessment can help determine the cause and guide the most appropriate treatment options for your situation.